Ukuba utyala imali kwisithuthi sombane (i-EV), mhlawumbi ukhe weva ukuba "ukutshaja kancinci kungcono." Kodwa ngaba oko kuyinyani ngokwenene? Abanini bee-EV abaninzi baxhalabile kukuba indlela abatshaja ngayo iimoto zabo inokulimaza ibhetri ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kukhokelela ekudidekeni malunga nokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, ukutshaja kancinci, kwaneendlela zokutshaja ekhaya eziqhelekileyo.
Ewe, ukutshaja kancinci kudla ngokuba ngcono kwimpilo yebhetri ye-EV. Kunciphisa ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo kwiiseli zebhetri, kunceda ukugcina amandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwexesha elide. Nangona icotha, ayinamandla kangako njengokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, okunokuphelisa ibhetri ngokukhawuleza ukuba isetyenziswa rhoqo.
Ukukhetha isantya sokutshaja esifanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwindlela ophila ngayo, iinkcukacha zebhetri yemoto yakho, kunye nokuba ufuna ibhetri yakho ye-EV ihlale ixesha elingakanani. Ngaphambi kokuba sicinge ukuba ukutshaja kancinci yeyona nto ilungileyo, makhe sichaze ngokweenkcukacha.
Ngaba kungcono ukutshaja kancinci okanye ukutshaja imoto yombane ngokukhawuleza?
Ufuna ibhetri yakho ihlale ixesha elide. Yiyo loo nto ibalulekileyo. Kodwa isantya siyathandeka, kwaye ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kubonakala kulula. Ngoko ke yeyiphi engcono ngokwenene?
Ukutshaja kancinci kungcono kwibhetri yakho ye-EV kwiimeko ezininzi. Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunokuba luncedo, kodwa ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kunokunyusa ukuguguleka kwebhetri, ingakumbi ukuba ibhetri ishushu. Ukutshaja kancinci kugcina amaqondo obushushu esezantsi kwaye kulula xa usebenzisa i-chemistry yebhetri.
Xa utshaja ngokukhawuleza, ibhetri ifumana umbane ophezulu oyizalisa ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa oku kukwavelisa ubushushu, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuwohlokeni kweeseli ze-lithium-ion ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ubushushu yenye yezona ntshaba ziphambili ubomi bebhetri ixesha elideKwelinye icala, ukutshaja kancinci—ingakumbi ebusuku ekhaya—kuvumela ibhetri ukuba ifunxe amandla kancinci kancinci. Oku kuyigcina ipholile kwaye kunciphisa uxinzelelo lweekhemikhali.
Ngaba ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kuyabunciphisa ubomi bebhetri?
Iyakhawuleza. Kulula. Kodwa ixabisa malini? Abaqhubi abaninzi be-EV babuza oku emva kokusebenzisa itshaja ye-DC fast rhoqo.
Ewe, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunokunciphisa ubomi bebhetri ye-EV ukuba isetyenziswa rhoqo. Ukutshaja ngesantya esiphezulu kunyusa ubushushu bangaphakathi bebhetri, kukhawulezise ukuguga kweekhemikhali1 kunye nokunciphisa amandla okusebenza ixesha elide.
Iibhetri ziyawohloka ngenxa yemijikelo yokutshaja ephindaphindwayo, ubushushu, kunye nexesha. Xa usebenzisa iitshaja ezikhawulezayo rhoqo, ingakumbi xa ibhetri sele ishushu okanye iphantse yagcwala, oko kwandisa uxinzelelo kwiiseli. Uninzi lwabavelisi lucebisa ukusebenzisa iitshaja ezikhawulezayo ngamanye amaxesha—hayi yonke imihla. Cinga ngayo "njengokunyusa amandla" kunokuba ibe yinto oyithandayo.
Kutheni imoto yakho ye-EV itshaja kancinci kangaka ekhaya?
Uyifakile. Iyatshaja—kodwa kancinci. Kutheni kuthatha ixesha elide ukuzalisa ibhetri yakho?
Ii-EV zitshaja kancinci ekhaya kuba iindawo zokufaka ezisemgangathweni zibonelela nge-voltage ephantsi kunye nombane. Uninzi lwamakhaya lusebenzisa Ukutshaja kwinqanaba loku-12 (120V), nto leyo ecothayo kodwa ekhuselekileyo. Ukunyusela kwiNqanaba lesi-2 (240V) kungayikhawulezisa kakhulu le nto.
Isantya sokutshaja ekhaya sixhomekeke kumbane owusebenzisayo, itshaja ekwi-EV yakho, kunye nobushushu. Imozulu ebandayo iyacotha ukutshaja kuba inkqubo yebhetri isebenzisa amandla ukufudumala kuqala. Kwakhona, izindlu ezindala zisenokungazixhasi iinkqubo ze-voltage ephezulu ngaphandle kokuphucula. Ukuba imoto yakho ixhasa ukutshaja okucothayo kuphela, nokuba inamandla kangakanani na itshaja eseludongeni yiyo loo nto, ayizukukhawulezisa izinto.
Uthelekiso lokuseta ukutshaja
| Cwangcisa | I-Voltage | Isantya sokutshaja (Iimayile/Iyure) | amaNqaku |
| Inqanaba 1 (Iplagi eQhelekileyo) | 120V | Iimayile eziyi-3–5 ngeyure | Kulula ukuyifaka, icotha kakhulu |
| Inqanaba lesi-2 (Iyunithi Ezinikeleyo) | 240V | Iimayile eziyi-15–35 ngeyure | Ifuna ukufakwa, ngokukhawuleza |
| Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC | 480V+ | Iimayile ezili-100+ kwimizuzu engama-30 | Ayifumaneki emakhaya |
Ngaba ukutshaja imoto yombane nge-trickle kulungile okanye kubi?
Usenokuzibuza ukuba ukushiya i-EV yakho ixhunyiwe ixesha elide kukhuselekile okanye kuyingozi. Ngaba ukutshaja okuncinci kufana nokunika ibhetri yakho ukuphumla okanye ukuyichitha?
Ukutshaja okuncinci3 ngokubanzi ikhuselekile kwaye ilungele iibhetri ze-EV ukuba ilawulwa kakuhle. Igcina ibhetri igcwele ngaphandle kokutshaja kakhulu, ingakumbi ukuba itshaja ihlakaniphile kwaye inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri iyasebenza.
Ukutshaja nge-trickle kusebenzisa inani elincinci lamandla ombane ngokuhamba kwexesha. Uninzi lwee-EV zikrelekrele ngokwaneleyo ukulawula ukutshaja, nokuba zifakwe iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisixhenxe ngeveki. Ziyeka ukutsala amandla xa sele zitshajiwe ngokupheleleyo, zize ziphinde zigcwaliswe xa kufuneka. Umngcipheko uphantsi, kodwa kufuneka uphephe ukutshaja ibhetri epheleleyo ukuya kwi-100% rhoqo ngaphandle kokuba uza kuyiqhuba. Ukuyigcina iphakathi kwama-20–80% kusempilweni.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukucothisa ukutshaja i-EV?
Uceba ukuxhuma iplagi ebusuku. Kodwa ngaba imoto iza kuba ilungile kusasa? Okanye iza kube isarhubuluza iye kugcwala?
Ukutshaja kancinci i-EV ene-outlet yeLevel 1 kuthatha iiyure ezisi-8 ukuya kwezingama-20 kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bebhetri. Esi santya sanele ukuhamba ngemoto yonke imihla ukuba uyifaka ubusuku ngabunye.
Ixesha lokutshaja lixhomekeke kwizinto ezimbini: ubungakanani bebhetri kunye nokufakwa kwamandla. Ibhetri encinci (njengakwi-plug-in hybrid okanye i-compact EV) iya kuzalisa ngokukhawuleza kunenkulu kwi-SUV. Ukuba ukuqhuba kwakho kwemihla ngemihla kungaphantsi kweekhilomitha ezingama-40, neNqanaba loku-1 lidla ngokwanela. Ayilungelanga uhambo lwendlela okanye ukongeza ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ihambelana neenkqubo eziqikelelweyo.
Ngaba ukutshaja kweNqanaba loku-1 kungcono kunokutshaja kweNqanaba lesi-2?
Uvile ukuba ukucotha kungcono. Kodwa ngaba iNqanaba loku-1 ngokwenene bhetele ngaphezu Nqanaba 2Okanye ingaba icotha nje?
Ukutshaja kweNqanaba loku-1 kuthambile kodwa akunyanzelekanga ukuba kube ngcono kuneNqanaba lesi-2. Inqanaba lesi-2 likhawuleza kwaye lisakhuselekile ukusetyenziswa rhoqo. Zombini zilungile kwimpilo yebhetri yexesha elide xa zisetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo.
Inqanaba loku-1 libeka uxinzelelo oluncinci kwibhetri ngenxa yokuba iphantsi kakhulu. Kodwa icotha kakhulu kubaqhubi abaninzi. Inqanaba lesi-2 libonelela ngebhalansi elungileyo—ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokutyhala ibhetri njengoko iitshaja zeDC ezikhawulezayo zisenza. Uninzi lwabanini be-EV bakhetha inqanaba lesi-2 ekhaya kuba linika ukuguquguquka ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa bubomi bebhetri. Ungayifaka kamva kwaye uhambe nge Intlawulo epheleleyo kusasa.
Uthelekiso lweNqanaba 1 vs iNqanaba 2
| uphawu | Ukutshaja kweNqanaba loku-1 | Ukutshaja kweNqanaba loku-2 |
| I-Voltage | 120V | 240V |
| Ukutshaja isantya | Iimayile eziyi-3–5 ngeyure | Iimayile eziyi-15–35 ngeyure |
| Sebenzisa kakuhle | Ubusuku bonke, uhambo olufutshane | Ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla, iibhetri ezinkulu |
| Uxinzelelo lwebhetri | Isezantsi kakhulu | low |
| Ukuhlohla kuyafuneka | Hayi | Ewe |
isiphelo
Ukutshaja kancinci kungcono kwimpilo yebhetri kwiimoto ezininzi ze-EV, kodwa akusoloko kuluncedo. Sebenzisa ukutshaja kweNqanaba loku-1 okanye leNqanaba lesi-2 kwiimfuno zemihla ngemihla, kwaye wonge ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwiihambo zendlela okanye kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo. Kuphephe ukugcina ibhetri ikwi-100% ixesha elide kakhulu, kwaye ujonge kwi-20%–80% njengoluhlu lwakho oluqhelekileyo. Ukutshaja kancinci kunika ibhetri yakho ubomi obude nobuthembekileyo ngakumbi—kodwa eyona ndlela ilungileyo kukulinganisela isantya, ukulula, kunye nokunyamekela.
FUNDA NGOKUPHELELEYO:
